Torsten presents the Planck Surveyor Satellite Mission to map the cosmic microwave background (CMB), which has mostly completed its is in operation for about a year. He introduces the fundamental physical mechanisms in the primordial and present day Universe imprinting structures and polarization patterns onto the CMB. The challenge of the Planck data analysis to recover these signals is briefly discussed in order to understand the potential of Planck to accurately measure cosmological and inflationary parameters of our Universe.